Journal of Business and Retail Management Research

The WTO new international trade order, (1995) built over a period of five decades through meticulous and extended negotiations, based on the principle of extended equal global trade opportunities, appears to have bread a new retail trade and marketing order. It’s an age of growth, trade and high consumption, giving rise to a new retail marketing systems and product innovations, improvements etc. which are addressed to the world with reference to the economy of India.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship among leadership behaviour, organisational culture, job satisfaction, organisational commitment and turnover intentions through a case analysis on one of the biggest Egyptian company. A structured questionnaire was developed. The hypotheses were simultaneously tested on a sample of 455 employees out of 700 distributed, giving a response rate of 65 per cent. Several analytical techniques were used to assess the relationships among the variables under investigation such as Pearson correlation, chi-square, and multiple linear regressions. The findings of this study have shown significant relationships among the variables under investigation. It is imperative to better understand how one of the biggest Egyptian companies can effectively and efficiently manage a skilled workforce within the Egyptian context. The research was limited to one of the biggest Egyptian companies in Egypt. Also the use of cross-sectional design restricts inferences being drawn regarding casualty. Despite the significant academic interest in leadership behaviour and organisational culture, this study contributes in adding to the body of the Egyptian culture knowledge. Also, to the best of the authors’ knowledge there is no study published that explores the influence of leadership behaviour and organisational culture on staff job satisfaction, commitment and turnover intention within the Egyptian context.

Private label brands are undoubtedly risingly in prominence and becoming serious competitors to national brands in the retail sector. This study examiners the effect of key demographics (namely age, gender, income and racial group) on the relationship between perceived risk and purchase intention of consumers to buy these brands. As sample of 325 consumers was generated and the dataset analysed using Analysis of Variance and Partial Least Squares modeling. The findings suggest subtle differences across the demographic groupings. The two most prominent forms of perceived risk – functional and time risk – were magnified in the 26 to 45 age group, suggesting that additional efforts need to be placed to reassure working-age consumers of the authenticity of these brands. Additionally, although social risk was not identified as a specific threat, this form of risk was most likely to surface in the 26 to 35 age group. As this cohort yields the most spending power, brand managers would be advised to use appropriate marketing channels (e.g. social media) to allay these fears and punt the quality and appeal of such merchandise.

The purpose of this study is to know the mediation role of customer satisfaction in the causal relationship between 9 antecedents of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in the Indonesian online store context. Based on the model from Liu et al. (2008), the antecedents of online store customer satisfaction are information quality, security (privacy), payment system, delivery, customer service, transaction ability, response, web design, and product variation. Based on survey held in Indonesia during January until March 2012, the study analyzed hypotheses by path analysis method. The result shows that the influences of information quality, security (privacy), payment system, delivery, and customer service toward customer loyalty are significantly mediated by customer satisfaction. Two other antecedents that are transaction ability and response have no significant effect to both customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Whereas 2 other antecedents that are web design and product variation only have a direct significant effect to customer loyalty. This study contributes an insight from Indonesian online store context to identify which antecedents of customer satisfaction need to be addressed in arranging an effective e-commerce strategy.

Foreign direct investment in multi brand retail in India got the approval of the Loksabha, (Parliament of India) on December 5, 2012 and in the Rajyasabha (upper house of the Indian Parliament) on December 7,2012,with the opposition motion seeking against FDI immediate withdrawal of the decision getting rejected. In any industry new entrants bring in new capacity, the desire to gain market share and substantial resources. Barriers to entry deter new competitors from entering the market and creating more competition for established firms. The key barrier to entry is the one faced by global retailers is FDI in Indian retail market. A recent study by CII & BCG(Confederation of Indian Industry and Boston Consulting Group) estimated the size of organized retail was 28billion US dollars in 2010 to be of 6% to 7% of the total retail market in India. The study predicted that the size of total retail sector would grow to 1.25trillion US dollars by 2020 ( knowledge @ Wharton) This research paper aims to present the challenges faced by the stake holders in the Indian retail sector to FDI in multi brand retail.

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between entrepreneurial competencies, Psychological capital, Working capital management and perceived market share. This study was focused on Dar es Salaam region. It attempts to explore the relationship between entrepreneurial competencies, psychological capital, working capital management and perceived market share of SME’s. A sample of 384 SME’s was selected using cross sectional, qualitative and quantitative survey design was undertaken. The research findings of the correlation coefficient of the total sample of (384) revealed that there is a positive relationship between entrepreneurial competencies and perceived market share, Negative relationship between psychological capital and perceived market share, negative relationship between working capital and perceived market share. Entrepreneurial competencies and perceived market share however results from the regression analysis revealed that only entrepreneurial competencies was the only significant predictor of perceived market share. Using this finding, SME are recommended to ensure that entrepreneurial competencies is developed since this finding has revealed that the presence of entrepreneurial competencies in SME’s will predict perceived Market Share.

This paper discuss business continuity planning (BCP) in City of Jeddah with emphasis on risk sources, causes, and mitigation measures to prevent or reduce monetary losses and improve business competency. During the last two years the city witnessed two floods which caused large human and monetary losses which emphasized the need for having business continuity plans (BCPs) that are based on realistic business impact analysis. It is found that several risk sources are of importance which need to be considered: Commercial and legal relationships, economic circumstances, human behavior, natural and human caused disasters, government activities, technology and management. There is a lack of awareness of business risks in our sample and there is a need to consider future plans and strategies to prevent and reduce business’ losses through building business’ resilience culture.

The potential of the Polish research and development (R&D) sector is substantial, mainly due to highly-developed specialist personnel. It is expected than in several years there will be an increased interest in opening R&D centres, similar to the ones which happened in the BPO sector. It is hard not to mention the necessity for commercialising research results and the cooperation of the entire sector with entrepreneurs. The largest companies in the world have already started opening R&D centres in Poland, benefitting from the first mover advantage, taking advantage of the availability of the best personnel and cooperating with existing R&D units. The capabilities of the Polish market are proven by the potential of its human resources – the current number of students is 1.9 million people, over 420 thousand graduates a year, and already 120 thousand people working in the R&D sector. This potential is confirmed by the successes achieved by Polish students in different competition events. 717 enterprise and innovation centres have been identified in Poland, including 318 training, consulting and information centres. Research and development activity is becoming increasingly financed by the private sector. Interest among global actors is also growing. At present, the relatively low number of research results confirmed by patents is still a problem for Polish science; however, the specification of clear goals and cooperation with entrepreneurs can change that. In the last few

In political system, voters belong to diverse nature of communities. These communities have their own particular set of voting behaviors that emerged out from an ongoing social-interaction process. Similarly, their voting intentions are the outcome of their participation in social networks and learning from community’s socialization process. Where, social agents play very significant and influential contribution in shaping the community’s overall voting behavior. These social agents influence and are influenced by the community members during the process. This research begins to address the opinion leading role of opinion leaders in community’s overall voting behaviors and in political brand building at constituency level. This is done by conceptualizing a socialization process model that is empirically evaluated by surveying and collecting 550 valid responses from registered voters of selected constituency. A carefully designed questionnaire was used to collect the empirical data from the respondents. The structural equation modeling technique was employed to analyze the possible relationship between the different constructs of the conceptualized model. Study in hand concludes that opinion leaders play very important role in convincing and wining the voters for a particular political party through provision of relevant information, brand advocacy and powerful word-of-mouth within their electoral communities. Furthermore, they exert high social pressure on political par

In this comparative study will be shown that especially the ethical problem of bribery and child-labor in German and Indian business relations could be very complex. Especially when a contractor is not directly involved into the production process of his Indian business partner ISCT delivers a tool that makes the complexity of the ethical decision finding more transparent and reveals that ethical decision making is not always unequivocal. The Integrative Social Contracts Theory (ISCT) by Donaldson and Dunfee is arguably the most promising framework capable of providing concrete ethical guidance for managers in business operations currently available. It bases on the classical concepts of social contract thinking and interconnects normative and empirical approaches of business ethics. ISCT is identified as a pluralistic business ethics methodology, since it avoids both cultural relativism and universalism: On the one hand, it takes into account different communities with their culturally specific norms and standards, and on the other hand, it suggests that there exist some transcultural, universal norms which are superior to local norms.