<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article_metadata generated_at="2026-09-26T22:52:06+00:00">
  <journal>
    <title>Journal of Business and Retail Management Research</title>
    <acronym>JBRMR</acronym>
    <issn_print></issn_print>
    <issn_online>2056-6271</issn_online>
    <doi_prefix>https://doi.org/10.24052/JBRMR/</doi_prefix>
  </journal>
  <article>
    <id>441</id>
    <title>Antecedents individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO): problem based learning (PBL)</title>
    <abstract>          To build students' IEO, an appropriate learning approach is necessary to obtain the results optimally. This study focused on how PBL effects on students’ IEO and was limited on the theoretical application to the occurring condition, according to constructivist learning.  This study aims to determine and analyze Problem Based Learning (PBL) on Economic Theory course in building students’ IEO. The population was 112 UNESA students who took Economic Theory course with 86 students as the participants. The sampling used purposive simple random sampling and Partial Least Square for its statistic technique. The results indicated that PBL on Economic Theory course was proved to significantly effect on students’ IEO, despite considered as week due to several conditions.</abstract>
    <doi></doi>
    <url>https://jbrmr.com/details&amp;cid=441</url>
    <pdf_url>https://jbrmr.com/cdn/article_file/2018-12-07-12-07-58-PM.pdf</pdf_url>
    <volume>Volume 13</volume>
    <issue>Issue 02</issue>
    <issue_id>36</issue_id>
    <issue_published_month>2018-12-01</issue_published_month>
    <published_date>2018-12-07</published_date>
    <online_first_status>no</online_first_status>
    <online_first_date></online_first_date>
    <history>
      <received></received>
      <revised></revised>
      <accepted></accepted>
    </history>
    <keywords>
      <keyword>Problem Based Learning (PBL)</keyword>
      <keyword>economic theory</keyword>
      <keyword>IEO</keyword>
    </keywords>
    <declarations>
      <funding></funding>
      <conflict_of_interest></conflict_of_interest>
      <data_availability></data_availability>
      <author_contributions></author_contributions>
    </declarations>
    <publication_notice>
      <type>none</type>
      <text></text>
    </publication_notice>
    <metrics>
      <views>571302</views>
      <downloads>136</downloads>
      <citations>3</citations>
    </metrics>
    <authors>
      <author>
        <name>Jun Surjanti</name>
        <organization>Lecturer of Economics Faculty, Management Department Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia</organization>
        <country></country>
      </author>
      <author>
        <name>Dwiarko Nugrohoseno</name>
        <organization>Lecturer of Economics Faculty, Management Department Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia</organization>
        <country></country>
      </author>
      <author>
        <name>Budiono</name>
        <organization>Lecturer of Economics Faculty, Management Department Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia</organization>
        <country></country>
      </author>
      <author>
        <name>Muafi</name>
        <organization>Universitas Islam, Indonesia</organization>
        <country></country>
      </author>
    </authors>
    <supplementary_materials/>
  </article>
</article_metadata>
