Keyword

TV, Commercials; Advertising ethics; Attitude towards ads.

Abstract

It is argued that advertising must be utilitarian, however the perception of viewers’ response indicate that it is far from the truth. This study investigates these issues from a consumer point of view and explores the attitudes and their perceptions towards Television advertising. For the last 25 years, there has been a massive spurt of television channels offering a plethora of programs are interceded by commercial breaks. This paper explores the attitudes of the viewer’s towards television advertising. The results indicate that the information content is very low, there is too much of falsity and deceptiveness. There is no effective regulation by regulatory authorities; and much of television advertising goes unnoticed by viewers. With all these negative perceptions about advertising, the viewer’s still feel that advertising is essential but not at the level that it is being telecast with so much frequency. The viewers also feel that advertising creates affluence attitude and leads to cultural degradation of society, but these issues have low priority. To conclude, advertising per se is not bad but an obsession by the advertisers will have a bad effect on the society.


Full Text : PDF

References
  1. Aaker, David A., and Donald E. Bruzzone (1985).   Causes of irritation in advertising, Journal of Advertising, pp 47-57.
  2. Aaker, David A., and Douglas M. Stayman (1990). Measuring audience perceptions of commercials and relating them to ad impact, Journal of Advertising Research, pp 7-17. 
  3. Albion, M. S. and P. W. Farris (1981). The Advertising Controversy: Evidence on the Economic Effects of Advertising, Boston, MA: Auburn House Publishing Company.
  4. Anderson, P., A. de Bruijn, K. Angus, R. Gordon and G. Hastings (2009). Impact of alcohol advertising and media exposure on adolescent alcohol use: A systematic review of longitudinal studies, pp. 229-243.
  5. Ashley, R., C.W.J. Granger and R. Scalene (1980). Advertising and Aggregate Consumption: An Analysis of Causality, Econometrica, pp. 1149-1168
  6. Bauer, R. A. and S. A. Greyser (1968). Advertising in America: the consumer view. Boston: Harvard University, Division of research. 
  7. Borzekowski D.L.G. and T.N. Robinson (2001). The 30-second effect: An experiment revealing the impact of television commercials on food preferences of preschoolers. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, pp.42–46.
  8. Corey, Kenneth A., and Charles H. Patti (1979). Advertisers   responses to requests for substantiation of product claims: Differences by product category, type of claim and advertising medium, The Journal of Consumer Affairs, pp. 224-235
  9. Cowling, K., J. Cable., M. Kelly and T. McGuinness (1975). Advertising and Economic Behavior, London: The Macmillan Press, Ltd.
  10. Condry JC. P.J. Bence and C.L. Scheibe (1988). Nonprogram content of children s television. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, pp.255–270.
  11. Heslop, Louise A. and B. Ryans, Adrian (1980). A second look at children and the advertising of premiums, Journal of Consumer Research, pp. 414-420.
  12. Kamins, M. A and K. Gupta (1994).  Congruence between spokesperson and product type: a matchup hypothesis perspective, Psychology and Marketing, 11(6), pp.569- 586.
  13. Kraemer, H. C., R.I. Berkowitz and L.D. Hammer (1990). Methodological difficulties in studies of obesity I: Measurement issues. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 12, 112-118.
  14. Levin, D., J. Peck and L. Ye (2009). Quality disclosure and competition. Journal of Industrial Economics, pp.167—196.
  15. LaTour, M., R.L. Snipes and S.J. Bliss (1996). Don’t be afraid to use fear appeals: An experimental study, Journal of Advertising Research pp. 59-67.
  16. Liebert, R. M., (1986). Effects of television on children and adolescents. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, pp. 43–48.
  17. Meurer, M., and D.O. Stahl (1994). Informative advertising and product match, International Journal of Industrial Organization, pp 12: 1-19.
  18. Moore, David J., D. Harris, William and C. Chen, Hong (1995).  Affect intensity: An individual difference response to advertising appeals, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol.22 (2), pp.154-164.
  19. Muehling, Darrel D., (1987).  An Investigation of Factors Underlying Attitude-Toward-Advertising-in-General, Journal of Advertising, 16(1), pp. 32-40.
  20. Pollay, Richard, (1986). The Distorted Mirror: Reflections on the Unintended Consequences of Advertising, Journal of Marketing, pp. 18-36.
  21. Preston, Ivan L., (1977). The FTC’s handling of puffery and other selling claims made   By Implication, Journal of Business Research, June, pp. 155–181.
  22. Pollay, R., and B. Mittal (1993). Here’s the beef: factors, determinants, and segments in consumer criticism of advertising, Journal of Marketing, pp. 99-114.
  23. Resnik, A., and B.L. Stern (1977).   An analysis of information content in television advertising, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 41(1):50-53.
  24. Shank, M. D. (1999). Sports marketing: A strategic perspective. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Inc.
  25. Skurnik, Ian., Carolyn Yoon, Denise C. Park, and Norbert Schwarz (2005). How warnings about false claims become recommendations, Journal of Consumer Research, pp. 713–724.
  26. Stigler, G. J. and Becker, G. S. (1977): De Gustibus non est Disputandum. American Economic Review, pp. 76-90.
  27. Tellis, G. & Fornell, C. (1988), `Relationship between advertising and product quality over the product life cycle: A contingency theory, Journal of Marketing Research 25(1), 64-71.
  28. Urbany, Joel E., William O. Bearden, and Dan C. Weilbaker (1988). The effect of plausible and exaggerated reference prices on consumer perceptions and price search, Journal of Consumer Research, pp. 95–110.
  29. Utter J, Scragg R, Schaaf D. Associations between television viewing and consumption of community advertised foods among New Zealand children and young adolescents. Public Health Nutr. Pp. 606-12. 
  30. Zhang, J. & Li, H. (2007), `Do high birth rates hamper economic growth?', Review of Economics and Statistics pp.  110-117.
  31. Zufryden, Fred S., James H. Pedrick and Avu Sankaralingam (1993).  Zapping and its impact on brand purchase behavior, Journal of Advertising Research, pp. 58-66.